To date the mosquito species Aedes aegypti is considered the primary carrier of Zika virus. Smartt said researchers must perform more experiments to know whether and how much of a role Culex quinquefasciatus plays in spreading Zika. Scientists worldwide, including Smartt, have been studying the origins of Zika and how to control it. Culex quinquefasciatus is common in the southern U. The mosquito is found in tropical and sub-tropical areas, including Brazil, Africa and Southeast Asia.
In areas of the world where these mosquitoes feed on humans, there may be populations of Culex quinquefasciatus that can spread Zika, Smartt said. Her research was published in the journal Frontiers of Microbiology April 26, I thought it was pretty cool and then habitually looked into those basins whenever I got gas.
After realizing that this was pretty common, I decided to try to put some numbers to it. Those numbers are now published research, reported in the Journal of Medical Entomology. Reiskind, assistant professor of public health entomology at North Carolina State University, and doctoral student Kristen Hopperstad, surveyed 30 gas stations near Raleigh, N.
The two species present in their survey were Aedes albopicus and Culex quinquefasciatus. The research does not suggest that gas stations are hot zones for mosquito breeding, but rather that windshield wash basins are yet one more example of man-made containers that mosquitoes can utilize for laying eggs — and a surprising one at that, given the presence of soapy, cloudy liquid in the basins.
Mosquito larvae that might be transferred to a car windshield in the course of washing would be highly unlikely to survive the ensuing travel of the car when it leaves a station, says Reiskind, but adults emerging from windshield wash basins could plausibly enter cars and be transported to other locations. More in-depth research would be needed, however, to assess what role, if any, gas stations might play in mosquito dispersal. The study that Reiskind and Hopperstad conducted was small, localized, and done late in the mosquito season, they note.
But it nevertheless presents gas station windshield wash basins as a potential convenient source of surveying for mosquito species. Pest control is a job that people should not, will not and cannot perform themselves because of the liabilities and dangers inherent to what pest management professionals do.
The best PMPs, however, do more than just get the job done; they take a smarter approach to pest control. I do work for a company that does all types of [general pest control] work, but mosquitoes have always been my passion. For Motes, knowing the biology is his first step to effective mosquito control. Although each of the 75 to species found in the southeastern United States is unique, Motes said for most mosquitoes their life cycle begins when an adult female lays eggs on or near a water surface.
The Culex mosquitoes form egg rafts that are about the size of a pencil eraser and can contain to eggs that float on top of the water. They spend just a few days in the pupa and larva stages, diving down into the water to escape predators and coming to the surface to breathe through a siphon tube.
Although there are similarities in the life cycles between species, eliminating mosquito sources is different at each job.
Treatment can vary from traditional barrier approaches to treating aquatic weeds and filling tree holes, depending on what a pest management professional sees when he or she reaches the property. The Coquillettidia perturbans , or cattail mosquito, also thrives in the presence of aquatic plants.
Their syphons embed into the plant itself, and they never come to the surface to breathe. For Motes, those characteristics result in aquatic weed spraying in select areas. Other mosquitoes need significantly less water to create an ideal habitat.
A seemingly innocuous tire rut or animal hoof print can create a microhabitat for floodwater mosquito species. In that small space, they can go from egg to adult in as little as six days. As for discarded tires, Motes dubs them mosquito condominiums.
Over time organic material builds up, and they are providing a food source for them. These are very difficult environments to control. The job called for a custom-designed rack to support a mist blower distributing granular products into those tires. Another great microhabitat, especially for Culex mosquitoes, is catch basins in storm drains, and municipalities often need help servicing them. And container-breeding mosquitoes will lay their eggs right along the waterline.
The solution is as simple as pulling out the garden hose and giving the bath a good scrub to dislodge any eggs or larvae weekly. For Motes, tree holes are a prime example. Although pest control professionals can turn to pesticide products, the simplest solution is filling the hole, so it no longer holds water. Motes has seen pest management professionals use everything from expanding foam to concrete. He prefers sand, which seems to cause less damage to the tree, but suggests consulting a forester or tree specialist if there is an extensive number of these trees on a job site.
When it does come time to apply pesticides, however, it is important to vet each product and tool and to use them correctly. In terms of chemical products, Motes said they use a variety. The Ovi-Catch mosquito trap is a glue-based trap.
Just add water and hay or grass clippings and it attracts the female mosquito. She gets caught on the glue board inside, and the insects never reach the water in the trap, so there is no risk for a breeding ground.
It utilizes two different passive actives that the mosquitoes carry to different breeding sites. Although effectiveness of both green and traditional products is improving, many pest control professionals continue to treat in day intervals.
This extended effective period is something new to the industry, and with many of the industry business models set up on recurring revenue, regularly spaced treatments are crucial to preventing callbacks where a free service is performed. They spend just a few days in the pupa and larva stages, diving down into the water to escape predators and coming to the surface to breathe through a siphon tube.
Although there are similarities in the life cycles between species, eliminating mosquito sources is different at each job. Treatment can vary from traditional barrier approaches to treating aquatic weeds and filling tree holes, depending on what a pest management professional sees when he or she reaches the property.
The Coquillettidia perturbans , or cattail mosquito, also thrives in the presence of aquatic plants. Their syphons embed into the plant itself, and they never come to the surface to breathe. For Motes, those characteristics result in aquatic weed spraying in select areas.
Other mosquitoes need significantly less water to create an ideal habitat. A seemingly innocuous tire rut or animal hoof print can create a microhabitat for floodwater mosquito species. In that small space, they can go from egg to adult in as little as six days. As for discarded tires, Motes dubs them mosquito condominiums.
Over time organic material builds up, and they are providing a food source for them. These are very difficult environments to control.
The job called for a custom-designed rack to support a mist blower distributing granular products into those tires. Another great microhabitat, especially for Culex mosquitoes, is catch basins in storm drains, and municipalities often need help servicing them.
And container-breeding mosquitoes will lay their eggs right along the waterline. The solution is as simple as pulling out the garden hose and giving the bath a good scrub to dislodge any eggs or larvae weekly. For Motes, tree holes are a prime example. Although pest control professionals can turn to pesticide products, the simplest solution is filling the hole, so it no longer holds water.
Motes has seen pest management professionals use everything from expanding foam to concrete. He prefers sand, which seems to cause less damage to the tree, but suggests consulting a forester or tree specialist if there is an extensive number of these trees on a job site. When it does come time to apply pesticides, however, it is important to vet each product and tool and to use them correctly. In terms of chemical products, Motes said they use a variety.
The Ovi-Catch mosquito trap is a glue-based trap. Just add water and hay or grass clippings and it attracts the female mosquito. She gets caught on the glue board inside, and the insects never reach the water in the trap, so there is no risk for a breeding ground.
It utilizes two different passive actives that the mosquitoes carry to different breeding sites. Although effectiveness of both green and traditional products is improving, many pest control professionals continue to treat in day intervals.
This extended effective period is something new to the industry, and with many of the industry business models set up on recurring revenue, regularly spaced treatments are crucial to preventing callbacks where a free service is performed. As new products emerge, however, it is important to assess the treatment period and whether to go by the calendar or by need. Part of that need is determined by the weather. It is also important to ensure the customer understands the time period required for an effective treatment, especially when dealing with weddings or events.
The same concept applies when doing work for municipalities, sports stadiums and even gated communities. Once the strategy is set and the technicians are trained on the right equipment for the job, what can pest management professionals do to keep their trained professionals — as well as their clients — safe? The first step is a repellent containing deet, especially if a technician is going to be working in a known disease transmission environment.
If not, and if some people are sensitive to the heat, maybe spray your clothing with repellent. Educating staff on proper protocols, especially when it comes to barrier spray, is another safety precaution. They will even have flowers that may be edible. Keeping pesticides away from pollinators can lessen the decline of honeybees. Other important guidelines include power spraying mandates.
Trying to spray further results in chemical trespass. We feel like it is if used according to label directions. From knowing the pest and treatment area to knowing the right products, tools and safety precautions for the job, pest management professionals not only set themselves apart from the average customer buying mosquito spray at a hardware store, but they also execute their mosquito control in a smarter, more effective manner.
I do work for a company that does all types of [general pest control] work, but mosquitoes have always been my passion. For Motes, knowing the biology is his first step to effective mosquito control.
Although each of the 75 to species found in the southeastern United States is unique, Motes said for most mosquitoes their life cycle begins when an adult female lays eggs on or near a water surface.
The Culex mosquitoes form egg rafts that are about the size of a pencil eraser and can contain to eggs that float on top of the water. They spend just a few days in the pupa and larva stages, diving down into the water to escape predators and coming to the surface to breathe through a siphon tube. Although there are similarities in the life cycles between species, eliminating mosquito sources is different at each job.
Treatment can vary from traditional barrier approaches to treating aquatic weeds and filling tree holes, depending on what a pest management professional sees when he or she reaches the property. The Coquillettidia perturbans , or cattail mosquito, also thrives in the presence of aquatic plants.
Their syphons embed into the plant itself, and they never come to the surface to breathe. For Motes, those characteristics result in aquatic weed spraying in select areas. Other mosquitoes need significantly less water to create an ideal habitat. A seemingly innocuous tire rut or animal hoof print can create a microhabitat for floodwater mosquito species.
In that small space, they can go from egg to adult in as little as six days. As for discarded tires, Motes dubs them mosquito condominiums. Over time organic material builds up, and they are providing a food source for them. These are very difficult environments to control. The job called for a custom-designed rack to support a mist blower distributing granular products into those tires.
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